Moving-picture machine.



J. A. UAMtRON.

MOVING PICTURE MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.24. 1912. RENEWED JUNE 8.19m.

1,273,328. Patented July 23, 1918.

SHEETSSHEET I mm ntoz I. A'. CAMERON.

MOVING PICTURE MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.24. I912. RENEWED JUNE 3.19l8.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2- I "F ii/ 4/ 4/- I J. A CAMERON.

MOVING PICTURE MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.24. 1912. asmzwso JUNE 8. 191a.

Patented July 23, 1918.

J. A. CAMERON.

. MOVING PICTURE MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED sEPT.24. 1912. RENEWED JUNE 8; 191a.

Patented July 23, 1918 4 SHEETSSHEET 4 UNITED s'rATEs PATENT curios.-

J'AIVIES A. CAMERON, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 CAMERON PICTURE MACHINE 00., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MOVING-PICTURE MACHINE.

To all whom it may 0072mm:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. CAMERON,

- a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Moving-Picture Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In movin )icture machines the eneral K operation both in cameras and in projectors is to intermittently advance the film past a point .of exposure or exposure opening as it is called. For the purpose of securing uniformity in the action of the film advancing means, to smooth out wrinkles in the film and to hold the film steady while it is being exposed, the film is preferably held under tension at the exposure opening, in a tension device of some sort. This tension device may be either constant or intermittent in its action and in either event the best practice is to have the intermittent film advancing means act on the film while it is still held in the grip of the tension device, for by so doing the film is held under control at all times. The tension device by thus acting in opposition to the film advancing means serves to retard the advancing movement of the film. The film advancing means has a relatively quick action so as to feed the film past the exposure openin at a comparatively hi h rate of speed and by reason of this rapid movement, a certain finomentinn is imparted to the film which, if it ,is not properly checked by the tension device, is liable to permit the film to feed too far. The tension device thus bears a direct relation to the film advancing means, so that, if the tension exerted by the tension device is equal each time, then the film advancing means will advance an equal amount of film each time. If all films, or all sections of films, were alike in character it would he comparatlvely easy to provide a tension device which would exert a constant even tension upon the film, but different films and even different sections of the same film vary in character, some of them being rather slippery while others offer more resistance to movement, fresh films in par ticular being quite sticky. The tension de' vices in use at the present time have been designed to always exert a predetermined ten- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1918.,

1912, Serial l\T0. 722,009. Renewed .Tune 1918. Serial No. 239,046.

sion upon the film and this regardless of the actual surface conditions of the film. Thus With the present type of tension device," when a piece of film is being handled which ofiers a moderate degree of resistance, the tension exerted upon the film may be just sufficient to overcome any momentum in the film, so that the film advancing means may act to advance an equal amount of film each time. But if a more or less sticky piece of film offering more than the usual frictional resistance is encountered, or if there are lumps or obstructions on the face of the film, then the tension will become greater and consequently the film advancing means may fail to advance a suificient amount of film each time. In handling sticky films the present tension devices scrape off more or less of the sticky emulsion and this, as it accumulates in the tension device, increases the tension still further thereby further interfering with the proper operation of the film advancing means.

Having outlined the difficulties encountered with existing tension devices, I would state that one object of my invention isto overcome these various ditliculties and objections and to provide a tension device which will automatically compensate for the irregularities in the surface of the film so as to exert a substantially uniform tension upon the film, regardless of surface conditions. thus compensating for surface irregularities and keeping a constant tension on the film, the load upon the film advancing means is maintained substantially constant so that the amount of film advanced by it each time will be substantially equal.

The precise construction of my improved tension device may vary quite Widely, but the same consists in general of a plurality of longitudinally arranged clamping shoes arranged to bear uponthe edge portions of the film adjacent the exposure opening, which shoes are supported so as to yield freely at any point in the len'gththereof, togetl'ierwith means for forcing the shoes with a yielding pressure toward the film. In the preferred construction the clamping shoes are arranged in two sets, one set at each side of. the exposure opening, and each 1 method of mounting the clamping shoes is to support them at polnts intermediate the ends thereof so that they may freely rock upon such centers of support and to cause the tension means to bear upon the shoes at points intermediate the ends thereof whereby the shoes may readily yield at any point in the length of the same so as to accommodate themselves automatically to the irregularities and varying degrees of frictional resistance in the surface of the film.

Another feature of my invention resides in an improved type of beater for intermittently advancing the film. Beaters heretofore constructed, whether of the rotary or of the oscillatory type, have acted by reason of their arcuate swinging movement about their centers of support, during and at the time of advancing the film, to deflect the film more or less from its true path.

This deflection of the film out of its true path imparts additional resistance t o the movement of the film'and is therefore a further source of inequality in film movement.

A feature of this invention consists in so designing and constructin the beater that it wlll, while advancing t e film, move the film forwardly in a direct path without substantially deflecting the same laterally from 80 such direct path. This. feature has a direct bearing on the tension device. By my improved construction the tension device exerts, a substantially uniform tension on the film.

The beater in furtherance of this idea of 85 maintaining a uniform tension, 'by advancing the film substantially without deflection,

adds no further resistance and therefore serves to assist in maintaining the uniformity of tension exerted on the film by the tension device. The uniformity of tension thus maintained by the cooperative action of the tension device and beater insures an equal amount of filmbeing advanced by the beater at each stroke.. In combination with the beater there is preferably provided means for guiding the film in a predetermined path, and the beater is so arranged that it will advance the film in a continuation of the same' path.

The film is advanced in the present machine by the cooperative actionof the beater and a take-up device, which winds in the film and holds the film to preventretrograde movement of the same while the beater is acting. This take-up device in the present instance takes the form ofa film-engaging sprocket. A special feature of my invention consists in placing this take-up sprocket relatively close to the beater and without any intervening mechanism. This -materially shortens the length of film between the tension device and the sprocket thereby further larities in hanreducing the chance of irre Also the ta :e-up sprocket is dling the film.

BIS/preferably so mounted that it maybe adfications may be made therein Without departing from the legitimate and intended scope of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an enlarged View looking at the opposite side of the machine, the hinged door appearing in section.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tension device, this view being taken substantially on the line 55 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view illustrating the operation of the clamping shoes of the tension device.

Fig. 4 is an outside elevation of the clamp ing gate which forms a part of the tension device.

F ig. 5 is an edge view of the same.

Fig. 6 is a detail end elevation of the film advancing beater.

Fig. 7 is an other detail view looking in the direction of arrow 11 in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a detached detail view of the upper film-engaging plate ofthe beater.

Fig. 9 is a more or less detached view looking down on the beater and the cam for operating the same.

Fig. 10 is another view of these parts looking in the direction of the arrow ,16 in Fig. 9.

.Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail View of the beater looking in the direction of arrow 17 in Fig. 9.

.Figs. 12 and 13 are detached detail views of the oscillatingsupport and the upper beater arm of the beater.

Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view illustrating the manner in which the arm which carries the adjustable take-up sprocket is pivotally supported. This view is taken substantially on the line 2020 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 15 and 16 are detail views ofthe swinging arm which carries the take-up sprocket and the support for the guard rolls of the sprocket.

Fig. 17 is a detail view oft-he link which carries the guard roll for the feeding-off sprocket.

Like reference characters refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views. The numeral 80 designates the frame of the machine, upon which the various parts are mounted. This frame as best shown in Fig. 2, is preferably made in the form of an angular casing which incloses the various working parts, access being had to such parts by means of an angular-sided door 31,

hinged at 32 to the side wall of the casing.

ported in any suitable fashion,

the shoes to rock about such The unused portion of the film 33 is supsuch support in the present instance being in a reel inclosed within the housing 34 which is secured upon the top of the frame 30. The exhibited or used portion of the film is here taken care of by being wound up on a reel inclosed within the housing 35 which housing and inclosed reel is supported on a bracket .36 dependent from the stand 37 on which the machine is mounted.

Taking up first the consideration of the tension or retarding device, the same consists preferably of a series of longitudinally alined shoes 38 which are disposed to engage the edge portions of the film at opposite sides of the exposure opening 39.. These shoes clamp the film against a backing 40 and this backing is here the member in which the exposure opening is formed and serves as a support over the face of Which the film passes. In order that the clampingeshoes may accommodate themselves to varying inequalities in the surface of the film, they are so mounted that they may yield at any point intheir length. For this reason'they are preferably supported at a point intermediate their ends and are pressed toward the backing with a yielding pressure. This feature is best illustrated in Figs. 1, 4 and 5 wherein the clamping shoes are shown as suspended by flexible hanger straps 41, and" acted upon by the ends of the double-ended flexible springs 42. The shoes are secured to the supporting straps by screws 43 or other fastenings, so located at points intermediate the ends of the shoes as to permit centers of support. The yielding pressure may be imparted to the shoes by causing the ends of the springs to bear upon the heads of these fastenings, as shown. The tension device is preferably made so that it may be readily opened up to permit the insertion of the film and this is accomplished in a preferred form by supporting the pressure bars or shoes on a gate 44, which, 45, may be swung to carry the tension means to operative or inoperative position. This gate may be caused to exert. either a continuous or an intermittent 4: tension on the film. In the present instance itis intended that the gate shall exert a continuous tension. on the film. A spring catch 46, or like fastening device is here provided for securing the gate in its closed operative position.

In order that the operation of my improved tension device may be fully understood, it may be Well to first explain the operation of the tension devices in present use? The usual tension device consists of a single long pressure bar disposed one at each side of the exposure opening and 'pressed against the film by spiral or other the shape of being hinged at springs bearing upon opposite ends of the bar. If the surface of the film is uniform, and even in character, a tension device of this sort will exert a practically constant tension upon the film. If, however, the surface is uneven, say by reason of a clot of emulsion on the face of the film, when this inequality reaches the foremost end of the pressure bar, it will force this end of the bar back, against the tension of the spring at thatend of the bar, and Will, as the film moves down,\vedge the ressure bar farther out until at an intermediate point it forces both the tension springs out. The result of this is that the actual tension on the film increases from the time the obstruction enters beneath the pressure bar and places the spring at theentering end under greater tension, up to the point' where the both springs are placed under greater tension. With my improvement when an obstruction enters beneath the front end of the foremost one of the clamping shoes it'merely serves to rock or tilt the shoe about the center from which it is supported. And

'"since the pressure is applied at this intermediate point of support, the rocking of the shoe does not affect the tension on the film. w hen the OUStIlICtiOIl passes under the point at which the pressure is applied, the spring, bearing at this point may be forced to yield somewhat, but the sprinr is madeof sufficient flexibility and length to allow of this yielding movement Without varying the tension to any sensible extent. And by breaking up the clamping device into a series of shoes in place of the one long pressure bar heretofore used, any possible inequalities are so broken up and distributed as not to'vary to any appreciable extent the general uniformity of tension exerted upon the film. This has the further advantage that While the one shoe may be acting upon an irregular piece of film the other clamping shoes will be unafiected and Will continue to exert their own proper tension upon the film regardless of the action of the first clamping shoe. It Will thus be clear from the foregoing explanation, that the tension device will exert a substantially even and uniform tension upon the film regardless of various inequalities in the surface of the film. The

tension of the pressure springs is preferably sufficient to cause the clamping shoes to iron out any wrinkles there may be inthe film.

struction, any loose emulsion or other foreign material coming in contatct with the clamping shoes, is carried on into these grooves in the face of the shoes Where it can have no injurious effect. The side edges of the film are preferably guided duringpassage past the exposure openlngby coming into contact with the guiding surfaces 48 on the face of the support 40. v

Taking up now the means for intermittently advancing the film, the same consists in the present instance of a take-up device forminga continuation of the path in which it is guided by the tension device. Specifically it consists of a film-engaging plate 49, carried by the support 50 on the end of the oscillating shaft 51. Cofiperating with this upper film-engaging plate there is pref- .erably a lower plate 52 extending rear- \vardly from the "point of support, the film being passed between the two plates in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1. The means by which the beateris caused to advance the film in a direct path Without deflecting.

it from such path, hereconsists in making the beater of a particular conformation and in placing the center 53, corresponding to the center of support for the blades, eccentric with respect to the center 54 of the supporting shaft, which latter center corresponds to and forms the center of oscillation. This eccentricity existin between the centers of support and oscillatlon is best illustrated in Figs. 1, 6, 7 and 10. The operation will be understood from this latter figure, wherein it will be clear that during the active downward stroke of the beater, the eccentric mounting will cause the beater to have a bodily sidewise sweeping'movement rearwardly and in the direction of advancing movement of the film. The outward active end 55 of the beater is of such a curvature and is so designed that it will, during this bodily movement of the beater, carry the film in substantially the same direct path. This line of advancement represented by the line 56, corresponds to and in fact forms a substantial continuation of the path in which the film is guided by the retarding or tension device, as will be clear from Fig. 1. 'The beater therefore by thus advancing the film in substantially the same' path in which it is previously guided, imparts no further resistance, by bending or otherwise,-to the film, and hence actually serves to assist in maintaining the same uniformity of tension exerted by the tension device. It will further be seen that upon the down stroke of the beater the lower rearwardly-extending blade of the beater acts as a fulcrum to support the film at that point, while the the same, it is also moving along bodily with the film. There is thus comparatively slight relative movement between the beater and the film which it is advancing,so that the friction of the film in passing through the beater is reduced to a minimum and. the objectionable c rawlwhich this relative movement between the beater and film hasbeen termedis practically eliminated.

The film-engaging plates may be made integral with the oscillating support which carries them, and if not made integral may be secured in place in various ways. In Fig. 1 for instance they are secured to the spaced supporting members 57 carried by the oscillating support, by having their inner ends shaped to fit around such supporting members and secured thereto by fastening screws 58. A reverse construction is employed in Figs. 9 to 13, wherein the filmengaging blades are shaped to fit the inside of the somewhat curved supporting members 59, while in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, instead of shaping the blades to fit the curved supporting members 59, filler pieces 60 are attached to the blades vwhich are shaped to fit the curved supporting members.

The beater is operated by any suitable means. In the present case the rock shaft which carries the heater is oscillated by means of acam groove 61 in the face of the balance wheel 62, the rock shaft carrying at its end a rocker arm 63, bearing a cam roll 64, engaging in such cam groove. Figs.'9 and 10 best show this feature.

The take-up device in the present embodiment consists of a continuously rotating sprocket 65 arranged immediately in rear of the beater. By placing this take-up sprocket as close as possible to the beater and without any intervening mechanism, the length of film between the tension device and the take-up device is reduced to a minimum and this reduction in the stretch of film between these two points materially reon the film with respect to the exposure opening, the take-up sprocket is preferably mounted so that 1t may be adjusted to draw down more film or to release the film. To this end it is here shown as journaled at 66 on the free end of an arm 67 which is pivoted to swing on a supporting hub 68. This arm when once adjusted may be suitably held in such adjusted position, the holding means in this instance taking the form of a clamping screw 69, which may be operated to clamp the split sleeve portions 70 of the ls1p1]*Oocket-carrying arm upon the supporting The gearing for operating the take-up sprocket is arranged to drive the sprocket regardless of its adjusted position, and this is here accomplished by causing the gear 71, carried by the sprocket to mesh with a driving gear 7 2 concentric with the hub around which the sprocket is adjusted. This driving gear 72 is carried on the inner end of the shaft 73 which extends concentrically through the hub and carries on its outer end the gear 7a which meshes with the pinion 75 on the balance wheel shaft 76. The halance wheel shaft is in turn driven from the main drive gear 77 through the medium of'pinion 78 which is in mesh with the drive gear, and gear 7 9 which moves with pinion 78 and meshes with the pinion 75 on the balance wheel shaft.

The film is held in proper engagement with the take-up sprocket by suitable guide rolls 80, which rolls are preferably mountedon an arm 81 pivoted at 82, so that it may be swung to throw the guide rolls out of'the way when first threading the film through the machine. Associated with the take-up device there may be a feeding-01f device for advancing the film to the lower reel or film receiver. Such a feeding-off device is here shown in the form of a continuously rotating sprocket 83, operated from the main drive gear by gears 84' and 85. A guard roll 86 may be utilized to hold the film in proper engagement with the feeding-oft sprocket and by connecting the link 87, which carries this guard roll, with the pivoted arm 81 carrying the guard rolls of the take-up deyice, the guard rolls of both take-up and feedingoff devices may be simultaneously thrown to inoperative position.

It will be noticed that the center ofpivotal support about which the take-up. sprocket swings, is located below the beater at such a point that the shifting of the sprocket toward and away from'the beat-er will be accomplished without substantially varying the angle of the section of film 88, issuing from the beater at any given time in the stroke of the beater. This prevents the adjustment of the take-up from aflecting the timing of the beater in any way. This point will be clear from Fig. 1.

A shutter may or may not be used, as found necessary or desirable. In the illustration a shutter of the oscillating type is shown, the same consisting of a blade 89, carried on the end of a pivoted arm 90, which swings upon the center 91. The means for vibrating this arm to carry the shutter past the exposure opening is here a crank disk 92 on the inner end of the balance wheel shaft.

For the purpose of withdrawing the film from the supply reel or other film support a feed sprocket 93 is preferably employed.

To further insure of the absolute and accurate control of the film, it is preferably guided rightdown to the point where it is acted upon by the beater. This guiding is accomplished in the present instance by extending the lowermost of the clamping shoes down to a point substantially in line with the beater, as indicated inFig. 1.

WVhile I have, for illustrative purposes, shown and described my invention as a projector for exhibiting pictures, I would have it understood that the invention as a whole or the various features thereof may equally as well be applied to a camera for taking the pictures, and the claims will be construed accordingly.

The construction of the fireshield and the arrangement thereof relative to other parts is not claimed herein but is claimed in my copending application filed January 3, 1916,

' Ser. No. 69,731.

The construction relating to the hinged door and casing, shown more particularly in Fi 2, is claimed in my copending applicatlon filed January 3, 1916, Ser. No. 69,732.

What is claimed, is:

1. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of a take-up device for taking up an equal amount of film once to each cycle of the machine, a tension device exerting a substantially uniform tension on the film and guiding the film in a predetermined path, and a beater movable in a substantial continuation of said predetermined path, said beater acting upon the film to intermittently advance the same in said continuation of the path in which the film is guided by the tension device, whereby to maintain the uniformity of the tension exerted by the tension device.

2. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure openfrom the point where it issues from the retarding device, and in substantial alinement with the path of the film past the exposure rection of movement of the film past the,

exposure opening so as to present no additional sliding resistance to the passage of the film. I

4:. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of a take-up device for taking up an equal amount of film once to each cycle of the machine, a retarding device exerting a substantially uniform tension on the film, and a beater movable to and fro and acting upon the film to intermittently advance the same past the exposure opening, the said beater having a bodily movement in the direction of movement of the film so as to present no additional sliding resistance to the passage of the film and further arranged to advance the film Without substantially deflecting it from the path in which it is guided by the retarding device, whereby the tension exerted upon the film by the'retarding device will be maintained substantially uniform irrespective of the action of the beater.

' 5. The combination in a moving picture machine, of means for guiding the film in a predetermined path, a beater movable in a substantially undeflected path and acting on the film to advance the film on a line forming a substantial continuation of the path in which the film is guided, and means for operating the beater.

6. The combination in a moving picture machine, of means for guiding the film, in a substantially straight path, a pivoted beater acting on the film, and having a film engaging part arranged to move in a substantially straight line, said beater arranged to advance the film in a substantially straight line, forming a substantial continuation of thepath in which the film is guided, and means for operating the heater.

7. Film\ advancing mechanism for moving picture machines comprising means for guiding the film in a straight line path, a pivoted .beater acting on the film and arranged during a portion of the movement around its pivotal center to exert a pull on the film in a substantiallystraight line in alinement with the guiding means, and means for operating the beater about its 65 pivotal center.

8. In a moving picture machine, the combination with a film support provided with a plane surface over which the film is guided, of a pivoted beater located to one side of the film support and having a-part adapted to move substantially in a plane machine provided with an exposure opening, of means for guiding the film in a predetermined path past the exposure opening, and means for intermittently advancing the film in a line forming a substantial continuation of the path in which the film is guided, comprising a beater extending from a given center forwardly toward the path of the film, a pivotal support for the beater ofiset eccentrically with respect to the center aforesaid, and means for oscillating the beater about the center of pivotal support.

11. Film advancing mechanism for moving picture machines comprising an upper member extending forwardly from a given center, a lower member spaced from the-upper member and extending rearwardly from the given center, a pivotal support forsaid members offset eccentrically with respect to the center aforesaid, and means for rocking the members about the pivotal support.

12. In a moving picture machine, the combination with means for guiding the film in a predetermined path, of means for intermittently advancing the film in substantially a continuation of the same path, comprising a beater pivoted at one end and having its free end curved to exert a substantially straight pull on the film during a portion of the movement of the beater, and means for oscillating the beater about its pivotal center.

13. In a moving picture machine, the combination with means for guiding the film in a predetermined path, of means for intermittently advancing the film in a substantial continuation of the same path, comprising a heater extending forwardly from a given center and terminating in a film engaging portion curved to exert a straight pull on the film during a portion of the movement of the beater, a pivot supporting the beater and offset eccentrically with respect to the center aforesaid, and means for oscillating the beater about its pivotal center.

14. Film advancing means for moving rock-shaft and eccentrically picture machines comprising a rock shaft, a supporting member carried at one end of the disposed with respect to the same, a film-engaging plate secured to the supporting member, and

-means for oscillating the rock shaft.

15. Fllm advancing means for moving picture machines comprising a rock shaft, 2. pair of spaced supporting members eccentrically carried at one end of the rock shaft, a film engaging plate secured to one of the supporting members and extending forwardlyfrom the same, a film-engaging plate secured to the other supporting member and extending rearwardly from the same, and

, I meansifor oscillating the rock shaft.

16. Film advancing means for moving picture machines comprising a pivoted supranged to support the film while it is port, a forwardly-extending film-engaging plate carried by the pivoted support, a fulcrum carried by the pivoted support and located in rear of and below the film-engaging plate so as to support the film while it is being acted upon by the film-engaging plate,

and means for oscillating the plvoted support, the fulcrum being mounted eccentrically upon the pivoted support so as to move during the active portion of the stroke in the direction of movement of the film.

17. Film advancing means for moving picture machines comprising a pivoted support, means for oscillating the pivoted support, a film-engaging plate carried by the pivoted support constructed and arranged during a portion of its stroke to advance the film in a relatively straight path, and a fulcrum carried by the pivoted supporit, ar-

eing acted upon by the film-engaging plate and having during the active stroke of the filmengaging plate, a' bodily movement in the direction of movement of the film. 18. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of a take-up device, means for guiding the film with relation to the take-up device, a beater interposed between the exposure opening and the take-up device for intermittently advancing the film past the exposure opening, and means for bodily shifting the take-up device and the guidin means to adjust tha film with. respect to the exposure opening. a

19. The combination with a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of a beater for intermittently advancing the film past the exposure opening, a combined guide and take-up over which the. film passes after leavin the beater, and means for shifting the com ined guide and take-up with respect to the beater to adjust the film With relation to the exposure opening.

20. The combination in a moving picture take-up device,

I take-up sprocket machine provided with an exposure opening, of means for guiding the film past the exposure opening, a take-up device spaced from the guiding means aforesaid, means for guiding the film with relation to the a beater arranged to act on the stretch of film between the guiding means and the take-up device and the cooperating guiding means, and means for bodily shifting the take-up device with respect to the beater to adjust the film with relation to the exposure opening.

21. In a moving picture machine, the combination with a film support provided with an exposure opening, a take-up sprocket at the lower end of the film support, means for guiding the film with relation to the take-up sprocket, a beater engaging the stretch of film between the take-up sprocket and the lower end of the film support, and means for bodily shifting the take-up sprocket and the said guiding means and arranged to engage the film after it leaves the guiding means, a located in rear of the take up and hold the film advanced by said beater, and means for bodily shifting the take-up sprocket with relation to the beater without substantially varying the angle of the film at any definite point in the cycle of the machine, extending from the beater to the take-up sprocket.

28. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of means for intermittently advancing the film past the exposure opening, a take-up sprocket arranged to take up the film advanced by the intermittent film advancing means, means for guiding the film with relation to the take-up sprocket, and means for bodily shifting the take-up sprocket and the guiding means with respect to the intermittent film advancing means.

24. The combination in a moving picture machine, of film advancing means, a pivoted arm, a take-up sprocket mounted on said arm, means for guiding the film with relation to the sprocket also mounted on said am, means for adjusting the arm upon its pivot to shift the take-up sprocket and the guiding means with respect tothe film advancing means, and means for rotating the take-up sprocket irrespective of its adjusted position.

25. The combination in a moving picture machine, of means for intermittently advancing the film, a film feeding roll adjacent the intermittent film advancing means, means for guiding the film with relation to beater, arranged to the roll,a-nd means for bodily shifting the "film feeding roll and the guiding means with which the film feeding roll and the guiding means are mounted, and means for shifting the said arm to carry the film engaged by the roll toward or away from the beater.

27. The combination in a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, of a beater located below the exposure opening, a combined framing and take-up sprocket, a pivoted arm on which the said sprocket is mounted, means for shifting said arm to adjust the sprocket with relation to guiding the the beater, means for rotating the sprocket irrespective of its adjusted position, and releasable means also carried on the pivoted arm for holding the film in engagement with the sprocket.

28. The combination in a moving picture machine, of a pivoted arm, a driving gear concentric with the pivot on which said arm is mounted, a film-engaging sprocket carried on the free end of the arm, a gear carried by the sprocket engaging at all times with the driving gear aforesaid, means for film with relation to the sprocket also carried by the arm, and means for securing the pivoted arm in adjusted position.

29. The combination in a moving picture machine, of a supporting frame provided with a hub, an arm pivotally engaged on said hub, a driving gear concentric with the hub, a film engaging sprocket mounted on the free end of the adjustable arm, a gear carried by said sprocket in engagement with the driving gear, means for guiding the film with relation to the sprocket also mounted on the arm and means for securin the arm in adjusted position upon the 30. The combination in a moving picture machine, of a supporting frame provided with a hub, an arm having a split portion pivotally engaged upon the hub, a driving gear concentric with the hub, afilm-engaging sprocket mounted on the free end of the a gear carried by said sprocket enthe driving gear aforesaid, and a clamping screw engaging the split portions of the arm for clamping the same in adjust-ed position upon the hub.

I 31. The combination in a moving picture machine, of a film support over which the film is guided, a beater below the film support, and 'a guide arranged to engage the outer face-of the filmrand extending from the lower edge of the film support to a point substantially in line with the beater.

32'. T he combination in a moving picture machine, of a film support over which the film is guided, a beater below the film support, and clamping shoes bearing upon the film passing across the face of the film support, the

arm, gaging said clamping shoes projecting downwardly from the lower edge of the film support to a point substantially in line with the beater.

33. The combination in a moving picture machine, of a film support over which the film is guided in a substantially straight path, a dependent guide overhanging the lower edge of the film support for directing the film downward in a substantial continuation of the path in which the film is guided, a beater below the film support arranged to advance the film in a line forming a substantial continuation'of the path in which the film is guided, and means for operating the beater.

Signed at New York 'city, in the county of New York, and State of New York, this 17thday of September, A. D. 1912.

JAMES A. CAMERON. 

